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CZ109
CZ109
CZ109 (governed by British Standards BS 2874 for rods and bars, BS 2870 for sheet and strip, and BS 2871 for tubes; cross-referenced internationally as UNS C28000, European EN CW509L / CuZn40, or Japanese JIS C2800) is a classic high-zinc, duplex (α + β) structural brass. Formulated with 59.0% to 61.0% copper and a zinc balance, CZ109 sits at the microstructural threshold where the crystal matrix transitions from single-phase alpha into a dual-phase alpha-beta structure. This higher proportion of the harder, more rigid beta (β) phase gives CZ109 elevated tensile strength, structural rigidity, and exceptional hot-working plasticity compared to alpha brasses. It serves as the foundational British standard alloy for heavy plates, structural shapes, marine condenser tubesheets, and hot-formed architectural components.
Chemical Composition
Elements | Min (%) | Max (%) |
Cu | 59.00 | 62.00 |
Pb | – | 0.10 |
Total Others | – | 0.30 |
Zn | Remainder | |
Mechanical Properties According To BS 2874 (As Per Temper M)
Range (mm) |
From |
To |
UTS Min (N/mm²) |
PS Min |
Elongation Min (%) |
Hardness Min |
Hardness Max |
| Round (Dia) | 6 |
40 |
340 |
– |
25 |
– |
– |
| Hex (A/F) | 6 |
40 |
340 |
– |
25 |
– |
– |
| Square (A/F) | 6 |
40 |
340 |
– |
25 |
– |
– |
| Rectangle (Thickness) | 6 |
40 |
340 |
– |
25 |
– |
– |
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES |
|
| Melting Point – Liquidus°F | 1660 |
| Melting Point – Solidus°F | 1650 |
| Density lb/cu in. at 68°F | 0.303 |
| Specific Gravity | 8.39 |
| Electrical Conductivity % IACS at 68°F | 28 |
| Thermal Conductivity Btu/ sq ft/ ft hr/ °F at 68°F | 71 |
| Coefficient of Thermal Expansion 68-57210⁻⁶ per °F (68 – 572°F) | 11.6 |
| Specific Heat Capacity Btu/ lb /°F at 68°F | 0.09 |
| Modulus of Elasticity in Tension ksi | 15000 |
| Modulus of Rigidity ksi | 5600 |
FABRICATION PROPERTIES |
|
| Technique | Suitability |
| Soldering | Excellent |
| Brazing | Excellent |
| Oxyacetylene Welding | Good |
| Gas Shielded Arc Welding | Fair |
| Coated Metal Arc Welding | Not Recommended |
| Spot Weld | Good |
| Seam Weld | Not Recommended |
| Butt Weld | Good |
| Capacity for Being Cold Worked | Fair |
| Capacity for Being Hot Formed | Excellent |
| Forgeability Rating | 90 |
| Machinability Rating | 40 |
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